The 2016 Journal Summary of The CCU
CROSS CULTURE UNDERSTANDING AS A
SOURCE OF COMMUNICATION MATERIAL AT FOREIGN LANGUAGE COURSE IN MALANG RAYA
BY SRI HARTININDSIH
UNIVERSITAS OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
Abstract
Cross culture
understanding is really needed for communication in this globalization area as
no country denies interaction with other country. The purpose of this research
are to describe the cross culture understanding used as material for teaching
English for communication and the meaning in foreign language course in Malang
Raya. The finding shows that cross culture understanding for communication is
found for greeting and daily activity that shows its culture while the meaning
is quite different among foreign languages and Indonesia.
Keywords:
cross culture understanding, communication, and foreign language course.
- Introduction
Because of
importance of language people need to learn for communication but also to study
its culture that is why they learn English at Foreign Language Course in Malang
Raya that consists of Bat city Malang district and Malang city as there are a
lot of schools and universities is private and state institutions.
Americans
shake hand when they meet new people while Japanese bows to each other, Arabic
kiss each other on the cheek. People think and handle things differently and it
is interesting to explore the differences. That is it is needed to learn cross
culture understanding in communication on foreign language course in Malang
Raya as it is really needed that someone faces misunderstanding of the other
language in communication will be considered as impolite one as the
consequently gets culture shock.
Preventing
misunderstanding of cross culture understanding, CCU is used as a source of
communication material in English at Foreign language course in Malang Raya as teaching learning material
is one of the very crucial elements that has to exist to conduct in teaching
learning activities (Harsono: 2007). Therefore the aim of this research are to
dig out cross culture understanding and its meaning found in communication at
foreign language course in Malang Raya.
- Review of related literature
Material
In teaching learning
is needed a material. Material means anything which is used to help to teach
language learners. These material is instructional, experiencential,
alicitative or exploratory. The material is instructional when it provides
exposure to the language in use, elicitative when it stimulate language use,
and exploratory when it seeks discoveries about language use in natural
settings.
The basic principle of material
according to Tomlinson (1998:7-21) in Harsono for the Teaching of language are:
a.
Materials
should achieve impact.
b.
Materials
should help leaners to feel at ease.
c.
Materials
should help leaners to develop confidence.
d.
What
is being taught should be perceived by learners as relevant and useful.
e.
Materials
should require the points being taught.
f.
Learners
must be ready to acquire the points being taught.
g.
Materials
should expose the leaners to language in authentic use.
h.
The
learners’ attention should be drawn to linguistic features of the input.
i.
Materials
should provide the learners with opportunities to use the target language to
achieve
j.
Communicative
purposes.
k.
Material
should take into account that positive effects of instruction are usually
delayed.
l.
Materials
should take into account that learners differ in affective attitudes.
m.
Materials
should permit a silent period at the beginning of instruction.
n.
Materials
should maximize learning potential by encouraging intellectual, aesthetic and
o.
Emotional
involvement which stimulates both right and left brain activities.
p.
Materials
should not rely too much on controlled practice.
q.
Materials
should provide opportunities for outcome feedback.
Cross Culture
Understanding
The purpose
of learning CCU is to get understanding of different cultures and custom. This
knowledge is intended to study abroad, working even just for travelling to know
custom done in that area. The function of CCU is to avoid misunderstanding and
cultural shock (Intan, 2010) whereas another source says that the importance of
understanding other culture will avoid misunderstanding and make inappropriate
value judgments. Therefore, at the end we are not considered that our culture
is better than other cultures. Culture refers to all aspect of life in a
community.
Based on the
explanation above, cross culture understanding leads to comparison culture
between one’s own culture and the other. The other culture could be culture in
one’s country or another culture that is commonly called foreigner culture
as well as the other. By comparing the culture one will know the good
and bad sides of her or his culture, further it is called one’s identity.
Ignoring
cross culture understanding creates shock culture. One of shock culture is
language shock as every language has its system and culture.
- Research method
Research method consist of research
design, population and simple, instrument, data collection, and analysis.
Research Design
The
researcher describes cross culture understanding for communication on foreign
language course in Malang Raya especially cross culture understanding for
communication and the meaning on foreign language course in Malang Raya.
Population
and sample
The
population of this research is the teachers of foreign language course in
Malang Raya while the sample is the teachers in KBA UMM. The research is done
in 2014 and 2015 from September2014 up May 2015.
Research
Instrument
To collect
the data are needed instrument that are interview and questionnaire.
Data
Collection
The data are
mainly taken from the result of questionnaire and interview. There are some
steps applied in collecting the data. They are:
1.
Conducting
observation to know the cross culture understanding
2.
Interviewing
the teachers of foreign language course.
3.
Integrating
the data taken from the questionnaire and interview.
Data Analysis
The
procedure of analyzing the data was following the procedures below:
1.
Tabulating
data from interview and observation
2.
Coding
the data
3.
Analyzing
the data to find out the answer of the statement of the problems.
4.
Writing
the result of the research descriptively.
5.
Drawing
conclusion.
- Discussion
The finding elaborates two things;
those are the cross culture understanding in communication and its meaning. It
elaborates one by one.
Cross Culture Understanding in Communication
Based on
interview and questionnaire are found 17 cross culture understanding in communication
in English as table below: a. How do you do? , b. What is your name?
, c. Thank you, d. Good night, e. Wash my hand, f. Have
a business, g. don’t mention it, h. Make up your mind, i. Stay
in touch, j. It is about time, k. Go Dutch, l. Down to
earth, m. Get to the point, n. Would you do me a favor? , o. Supper,
p. I am afraid I can’t, q. Stay tune.
The meaning of cross culture understanding in communication
The meaning here means the meaning
based on Indonesia as the researcher as Indonesian so it explains the usage in
western and in Indonesia. Here is the explanation:
The
meaning of English Cross Culture Understanding is below:
§ How do you do? There is no appropriate word in
Indonesia, it is almost similar with how are you/ or in Apa kabar? Expression
in Indonesia. It is usually used in the first meeting only and the
answer is the same “How do you do?”
§
What
is your name? The
word what refers to thing while asking someone should be question of whoin
Indonesia.
§
Thank
you. It is the same
with terimakasih in Indonesia but it could be acceptance or refusal offering.
It is used to receive something so one will give response by saying “thank
you”. It is given appreciation for something has been received and refusing
something or offering something.
§
Good
night means good bye
or have a nice sleeping. It is a greeting but for parting. It is similar in
Indonesia to say “Good evening” for “Selamat malam”.
§
Wash
my hand is polite way
to say to go to toilet as Indonesia expression is “go to back”.
§
Back
refers something is
not clean and not orderly so that is why it is hidden by using the word “in the
back”.
§
Have
a business means
having something to do. Business in Indonesia means project related to
profit, money so when one has a business indicates money. In fact, have a
business means having something to do in English.
§
Don’t
mention it is similar
with you are welcome. It is a little bit informal one. It is used when one gets
favor, she or he will respond by saying it as one does not feel not bother or what
she or he has done is just something small thing so it is not necessary to give
respond “you are welcome”.
§
Make
up your mind means
make a decision. It is used when one asks for a long time to get decision that
is caused of confused or still considering the other factor.
§
Stay
in touch is similar
with stay connected. It is used to ask someone to still have communication or
connecting each other.
§
It
is about time is the
synonym of finally. It is used to know the ending of event or something.
§
Go
Dutch means paying by
ourselves. It is used for looking the food or something and there is no one for
treating the others so everyone should pay by her or himself.
§
Down
to earth means be
realistic or don’t imagine unnecessary thing. It is used to give advice to
someone who is not realistic.
§
Get
to the point means
tell the most important thing. It is used to ask one to tell directly the point,
not going around. It is similar with “to the point please”.
§
Would
you do me a favor? Means
asking someone to do something. It is polite one than “Help me please”.
§
Supper
means light dinner
served in early evening. Indonesia does not have this thing as makan
malam could be early or late evening.
§
I
am afraid I can’t means
I am sorry to tell that I can’t … This expression is more polite one to say I
can’t. This is the expression to refuse invitation or doing something.
§
Stay
tune means do not
change the channel. It is commonly used host or broadcaster in television or
radio to the audience or listener to stay in their program
- Conclusion
Cross
culture understanding for communication is found for greeting and daily
activity that shows its culture. This is useful and authentic material for
learning communication while the meaning is quite different among foreign
languages and Indonesia. Some of them show the meaning that is almost the same
but the others are contradiction.
Based on the finding of this research,
it is suggested to:
1.
The
teachers of foreign language course should be aware of cross culture
understanding and apply it in teaching learning foreign language and explain it
in order the leaners understand it, not having cultural shock especially
language shock.
2.
The
leaners of foreign language course should also learn its culture in order not
having culture shock or language shock when use foreign language in
communication especially with foreigners.
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